

The Science of Endurance and Superhuman Feats
Setup
The ability to endure is the essential trait in every extreme athletic endeavor. Hundred-mile races, Himalayan Mountain expeditions, and cross-continental treks all require humans to push harder and achieve more than we ever thought possible. How important is the delicate interplay between mind and body in the struggle to keep pushing despite an agonizing will to stop? What is the distinction between physical and psychological endurance? Peak-performing explorers, mountaineers, ultra-runners, and sports psychologists share insights into how humans push beyond perceived physical limits to accomplish something extraordinary.
What’s your Everest?
Professional endurance athlete Colin O’Brady is the first to admit that his journey is an unlikely one. After suffering burns over most of his body, doctors were convinced that he wouldn’t walk again. But he had other plans, so he retaught himself to walk, became a professional triathlete, set mountain climbing records, and was the first person to cross Antarctica unaided. After that last accomplishment, which most extreme athletes thought was physically impossible, he (understandably) got asked if he was a “superhuman.” His response? We all have these feats inside of us; it’s up to us to choose our Everest and start climbing:
Enduring begins where endurance ends
Hilaree Nelson was practically born on skis, but when she was approached to join a ski mountaineering expedition she had no idea what she was getting herself into. Her first expedition was miserable, yet it ignited something inside of her that she didn’t know was there. Fast forward 20 years, and she’s now one of the most accomplished ski mountaineers in history.
One for the record books
What Nelson discovered in herself, she says, is an unending desire to test her limits. She was already physically very strong, so the limits she found herself surpassing were all mental. And that, according to Nelson, is the ability she possesses that makes her seem superhuman. There are people who can lift heavier weights than her and run longer distances, but she can endure.
Big IdeaEndurance is something you can fulfill with physicality, but to endure—to have a 20 year career over 40 expeditions—that is the mental capacity to continue through these hardships, through failure, and to come back from failure.Hilaree Nelson
Pain is mandatory, but suffering is optional
Professional runner Megan Roche says that a 10K race is a different kind of pain than a 50K race, but competitive running hurts no matter the distance. So how do professional athletes deal with their own bodies telling them to stop? Roche and Colin O’Brady describe how they work with, not against, their minds:
Having the tough conversations
Endurance athletes have always been physically dominant, says sports psychologist Michael Gervais, but at the same time there’s been a stigma around mental health in sports. Physical strength is usually prioritized at the expense of mental strength, and that’s both prohibited athletes from reaching their full potential and caused many non-athletes to not even find out what they’re capable of:
This excerpt has been lightly edited for clarity:
-
Michael Gervais: Confidence is a trainabe a skill. Being able to focus deeply across any condition is a trainable skill. Optimism is a trainable skill. [Athletes] are raising their hands and saying, ‘you too can do the same.’ So where is the intersection? Hand in glove; the body and the mind work together. The mind is like the software, and the brain is like the hardware that runs it. If one breaks, potential is compromised. So we need both.
Learn More
Additional Information
Explore More
Society



Researchers have made remarkable strides in understanding the intricate workings of the brain, and this knowledge can empower us to take proactive steps in preserving and enha...

Whether expressed through systems that are easy to navigate, devices that are friendly to their users, and spaces that are pleasing to the eye, thoughtful design can break dow...

Setting audacious goals helps to redefine what is achievable in health, medicine, and science. As we deepen understanding of the human genome, unravel the mysteries of the bra...



Everyone has a story to tell – and sharing them reminds us of our common humanity. Few know this better than StoryCorps CEO Sandra Clark. Over the last 20 years, the organizat...

It's been a big year for Patagonia, as it celebrated a 50th anniversary and legally restructured to commit all profits to environmental causes. What can be learned from the co...



The quest for profits, commitments to social impact, and consumer preference are driving unprecedented change in healthcare as investors pour in money, start-ups and big tech...

Advocates, healthcare providers, legislators, researchers, and venture capitalists are bringing the unique health needs of women to light – from vigorous policy debates on iss...

Philosophers throughout history have debated what it means to live a good life, and it remains an ongoing and unresolved question. Deep personal relationships, fulfilling work...

What does the latest in neuroscience tell us about human health and consciousness? Aspen Ideas Festival speakers explore how biology is being integrated with technology in unp...

It’s a fact: In communities where voting rates are higher, health outcomes are better. That’s why ER physician Alister Martin, the Founder of Vot-ER and CEO of A Healthier Dem...



Worldwide, 10 cities have named Chief Heat Officers to address the growing threat of extreme heat. Marta Segura is leading the way in Los Angeles by connecting equity, health,...

Lisa Damour is a clinical psychologist, author, and a senior advisor to the Schubert Center for Child Studies at Case Western Reserve University. We caught up with her about h...

At the 2023 Aspen Ideas Festival, we dug into some of the most important and fascinating issues of our time, from rebuilding trust in our institutions and the promise and peri...


