Nearly 40 million Americans are food insecure — many in food deserts without access to affordable or nutritious food —and this same failing system is pumping nearly one third of our greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere. There is hope in locavore and related movements that help farmers and communities and reduce carbon footprints for transportation, and in organic food production which eliminates harmful pesticide use. But increasing uptake of these systems can reduce efficiency of production and lead to unintended negative consequences. How can we balance the different goals of producing and consuming food, and do it in ways that support our health, our communities, and our planet?